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Math
Functions
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Required header: #include
<math.h>
C++ compilers offer basic mathematical functions.
| Function |
Prototype |
Purpose |
| abs(x) |
int abs(int x); |
returns the absolute value of an integer. |
| fabs(x) |
double fabs(double x); |
returns the absolute value of a floating
point number |
| ceil(x) |
double ceil(double x); |
rounds up to a whole number
cout<<ceil(11.2);
(prints 12)
(not normal rounding) |
| floor(x) |
double floor(double x); |
rounds down to a whole
number
cout<<floor(11.5);
(prints 11)
(not normal rounding) |
| hypot(a,b) |
double hypot(double a,
double b); |
calculates the
hypotenuse (c) of a right triangle where a and b are the legs. |
| pow(x,y) |
double pow(double x,
double y); |
calculates x to the
power of y. If x is negative, y must be an integer. If x is
zero, y must be a positive integer. |
| pow10(x) |
double pow10(int x); |
calculates 10 to the
power of x. |
| sqrt(x) |
double sqrt(double x); |
calculates the positive
square root of x.
(x is >=0) |
| fmod(x,y) |
double fmod(double x,
double y); |
returns floating point
remainder of x/y with same sign as x. Y cannot be zero.
Because the modulus operator(%) works only with integers, this function
is used to find the remainder of floating point number division. |
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NOTE:
The trigonometric functions work with
angles in radians rather than
degrees. |
All of the trigonometric
functions take double arguments and have double return types.
| cos(x) |
cosine of x |
| sin(x) |
sine of x |
| tan(x) |
tangent of x |
| acos(x) |
arc cosine x |
| asin(x) |
arc sine of x |
| atan(x) |
arc tangent x |
| cosh(x) |
hyperbolic cosine of x |
| sinh(x) |
hyperbolic sine of x |
| tanh(x) |
hyperbolic tangent of x |
| exp(x) |
exponential function |
| log(x) |
natural logarithm |
| log10(x) |
base 10 logarithm |
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